Carollo Engineers specializes in the planning, design, and construction of water and wastewater facilities. We currently maintain over 20 offices in the United States and have a staff of over 600 employees. Our experience includes the design of over 100 water treatment plants ranging in size from less than 1 mgd to over 600 mgd. Carollo maintains a process evaluation laboratory, bench- and pilot-scale systems that support our process evaluation, applied research, predesign, and design work. We are a proven leader in applying innovative, practical, and reliable technologies to achieve the production of high-quality finished water in a cost-effective manner.
Carollo understands the challenges that utilities constantly face in trying to comply with current and future regulations, improving process performance, and reducing costs. With our clients’ needs in mind, we have developed the Water System Assessment (WSA): a comprehensive, systematic, and modular approach to drinking water treatment optimization. The WSA is comprehensive in the sense that all aspects of water treatment are covered including source water evaluation, treatment processes, hydraulic profiles, and facilities components. The WSA is modular because it allows the client to select only those modules that address the specific needs of their utility.

Each module corresponds to one area of optimization and is associated with a specific fact sheet, which presents information on how a particular area of the system is evaluated.
• Regulatory compliance.
• Pretreatment.
• Filtration.
• Disinfection/oxidation processes.

As examples, brief descriptions of some components of each module are described below.
As part of the Regulatory Compliance Evaluation, Carollo analyzes historical finished water quality data in the context of current and future regulations. Our regulatory experts have drafted parts of the Proposed Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule as well as parts of the UV Disinfection Guidance Manual. As a result, we have an understanding of these documents and other regulations that few other firms can claim. We will use this insight, along with our process expertise, to keep your plant in compliance, now and in the future.
Carollo defines pretreatment to filtration as coagulation, flocculation, and often sedimentation as well as preoxidation. As part of our Conventional Operations Assessment, we often begin with a thorough review of influent water quality, design criteria and historical performance data. Using this information, we can then tailor and perform a series of tests specific to each utility that allow us to optimize a wide range of process operational parameters. As a result, you will maximize the output of your pretreatment in terms of water quality and hydraulic loading.
At many water treatment plants, filter performance often has the greatest impact on finished water quality. In recent years, our engineers have developed and put into practice several novel filter evaluation and optimization techniques that have improved filter performance and cost reduction for our clients. We offer these and several more conventional assessment methods that allow us to evaluate a wide range of topics, from operational parameters to structural components. The filter evaluation is a key component of the WSA because we believe that ensuring proper filter operation is key to producing the highest water quality possible.
Oxidation and disinfection processes play a vital role in plant performance by ensuring public health andoften times improving high aesthetic water quality. However, systems that are not optimized can lead to problems in any or all of these three areas. Carollo’s staff, combined with our state-of-the-art laboratory and equipment, gives us the ability to perform a wide range oxidation and disinfection related tests including:

• Preoxidation evaluations.
• Disinfectant demand/decay tests.
• Disinfection by-product formation assessments.
• Microbial challenge studies.
• UV implementation assessments.

A complete description of these tests, which we will customize to meet the needs of your plant, and the other aforementioned techniques is available on the specific modules provided on other fact sheets.